What psychological benefits do pets offer, and how do they affect owners?

Much research has been done on pet ownership's emotional and psychological benefits. Examples of psychological benefits of pet ownership include reduced stress and feelings of loneliness or helplessness, increased ability to cope with challenging situations, and calming effects for those with anxiety, to name a few. However, it is important to balance the potential psychological benefits with the reality of routine pet ownership. There will be days when your calming emotional support dog decides to pee on your floor or roll in a mud puddle.