Standard renters insurance policy will cover loss or damage to your jewelry due to covered perils like fire or theft. Jewelry is covered under the personal property coverage of your policy. However, the level of coverage will depend on the limit set by your policy.
Most insurance providers offer an optional add-on offer to increased coverage limits for high-value items like jewelry, called scheduled personal property coverage. This coverage will increase the limit on your personal property coverage to cover the value of your jewelry and other high-value property.